[3의법칙]
"A, B, and C"는 단순이 많음을 나타낸다.
※ A and B = certain 의 의미
ex) Many politicians, business leaders, and scholars discount the role of public policy.
[Rather than]
| A | rather than | B |
| instead of | ||
| other than |
B는 아니고 A
| not | A | rather | B |
| instead | |||
| other |
A는 아니고 B
대조의 signal로써 흑백논리 추론 가능하다.
ex) Thanks to Scharf and others, Roosevelt's activities have become intelligible in terms of this social context rather than as the idiosyncratic career of a famous man's wife.
2. GRAMMAR + INFERENCE
[OF]
[AS]
ex) Owen and Olson hypothesize that the presence of carotenoids, as signaled by coloration, would be meaningful in the context of mate selection.
[부호]
① The conventional view is that carotenoids are meaningful because they are rare: healthier males can forage for more of the pigments than can their inferior counterparts.
② Carotenoids, a family of natural pigments, forms an important part of the colorful signals.
[THAT]
※ 모든 부연설명은 이유가 될수 있음.
※ 대명사로 쓰인게 아니면 앞의 내용에 대한 부연 설명
[분사구문(Participial Construction)]
so : because : equal = 8 : 1 : 1의 비율로 해석/출제된다.
<기본형>
① S + V + O, V + ing ~ .
② V + ing ~, S + V + O.
<독립형>
① S + V + O, (with) + S + V + ing ~.
② (With) + S + V + ing ~, S + V + O.
ex) Researchers enroll more patients in clinical trials, obtaining a more representative sample of the total population with the disease under study.
[수동태 (The Passive Voice)]
- 수동태의 역할과 기능 : by 뒷부분 강조 → 문제 나옴!
- 수동태의 "by~" 생략하는 경우 저자의 의도
(1) 이미 언급된 경우
(2) many people >> 다수의 의미로 흑백문제 추론 가능.
ex) She held a place in the public imagination largely because she was the wife of a particularly influential President. Her own activities were seen as preparing the way for her husband's election.]
3. VOCABULARY + INFERENCE
[Counterpart]
- 의미: 같은 급의 상대방
- A person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another
- A person or thing closely resembling another
- 같은개념 : 대명사, competitor, rival >> 단어의 어감이 사이가 안좋다는것은 아님. 단순히 대체할수 있는 누군가를 의미.
ex) The Korean president Tom talked with his U.S. counterpart Alice. >> 동급을 나타냄
[Generation]
- 주요 개념: 시대(X) >> 세대, 30년 (O)
<cf> century, decade
ex) Lois Scharf's Eleanor Roosevelt depicts a generation of privileged women, born in the late Nineteenth century and maturing in the twentieth.
[Even]
- 의미: 글전체에서는 Supporting idea로서의 역할을 하며 한문장안에서는 대조의 역할을 한다.
음식은 약이된다(MI). 예를 들어, 상추는 불면증 치료에 도움이 되고, 사과는 감기증세 해소에 기여한다. 심지어, 커피조차도 혈액순환에 효과가 있다(SI).
>> 약이 된다는 메인을 supporting 하며 커피와 혈액순환 사이에는 내용의 대조를 이룬다.
ex) Even Joseph Lash's two volumes of sympathetic biography, Eleanor and Franklin (1971) and Elanor: The Years Alone (1972), reflected this assumption.
[Discount]
- 의미: 무시하다(△), 간과하다 (O)
- 동의어: fail to consider, ignore, neglect, disregard, overlook
[Social]
- 역할: public = political, governmental, official, formal, national
↕ 대조적인 내용으로 주로 제시됨
[Individual]
- 역할: private = personal, family, household, home, domestic
ex) Roosevelt's activities have become intelligible in terms of this social context rather than as the idiosyncratic career of a famous man's wife.
