1. 주어와 동사를 나누는 단어들
My favorite games which include bridge and chess has always brought me comfort and joy.
>> My favorite games that include bridge and chess have always brought me comfort and joy.
2. 수결정 (Determining number)
- Measurement/Amount of time and money
: 하나의 단위[unit] >> 단수 / 각각의 several items >> 복수
Three eggs is a lot for one loaf of bread.
Three eggs are on the table.
위의 예문 두개 모두 맞는 것으로 여기서는 many와 much의 개념으로 설명이 가능하다. 위의 내용은 계란이 깨뜨려진 이후에 shape이 없는 것이므로 불가산 명사. 두번째 내용은 깨지기 전의 shape이 있는 온전한 달걀이므로 가산 명사.
much=shape이 없다.
many=shape이 있다.
<부분수>
80% of N 동사 >> 명사(N)의 성격에 따라서 동사의 수를 결정한다.
Two thirds of the house is painted.
Two thirds of the houses are painted.
| Countable | Uncountable |
| Many has | Much patience |
| As many hats as shirts | A much patience as kindness |
| Few/Fewer hats | Little/Less patience |
| Number of hats | Amount of patience |
책 제목이나, 공연명, 시집, 영화제목, TV프로그램 등은 단수 취급
The Guns of August is a best seller in U.S.
3. 주어로서 부정대명사 (Indefinite Pronoun as Subject)
뜻 자체가 전체를 나타내거나 복수를 나타 내는 단어라 할지라도 다음의 단어들은 아주 자주(=항상) 단수동사를 취한다.
| all | each | neither | one |
| any | either | nobody | some |
| anybody | everybody | none | somebody |
| anyone | everyone | no one | someone |
| anything | everything | nothing | something |
Everyone love to play in the rain.
>> Everyone loves to play in the rain
Anyone who grows pumpkins are welcome to enter the contest
>> Anyone who grows pumpkins is welcome to enter the contest.
cf) They each are great tennis players. >> each는 부사일뿐 수에 영향이 없음 (middle word)
<SANAM (some, all, none, any, most) pronoun - 부분수 >> 단수, 복수 가능>
Some of the water is foul tasting. [how much]
Some of the streams are contaminated. [how many]
[주의] majority, minority, plurality
The majority of the students in this class are hard workers.
>> majority of students = 90% of students
The student majority is opposed to the death penalty
>> 단순하게 단수 이므로 단수동사
<부정대명사 "many," "few," "several," and "both" 가 주어 일 경우 항상 복수>
Many are homeless. Few of us were able to escape.
[주의] A few children were playing in the road. >> a 가 있다고 혼동하지 말것
I have a few friends. (some) / I have few friends. (only)
4. 도치 (Inverted Word Order)
Capital for commercial real estate has been so abundant that investors scour the country.
>>So abundant has capital been for commercial real estate that investors scour the country.
[균형을 위한 도치]
주어, 목적어에 대한 수식이 길 경우에 수식어구를 문장 맨 뒤로 보낸다.
He who is content with his circumstances is happy.
>> Happy is he who is content with his circumstances.
The time for us to take care of the sea has clearly come.
>> The time has clearly come for us to take care of the sea.
A clear picture of the patterns and cause of the ocean current has emerged.
>> A clear picture has emerged of the patterns and cause of the ocean current.
A new engine that could ~~ is being tested
>>A new engine is being tested that could ~~
